{"id":202,"date":"2011-10-12T19:16:38","date_gmt":"2011-10-12T18:16:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mimiryudo.free.fr\/blog\/?p=202"},"modified":"2013-01-28T18:03:42","modified_gmt":"2013-01-28T17:03:42","slug":"cas-n5-corrige-la-tension-du-boulanger","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/2011\/10\/cas-n5-corrige-la-tension-du-boulanger\/","title":{"rendered":"Cas n\u00b05 corrig\u00e9 &#8211; La tension du boulanger"},"content":{"rendered":"<a  data-e-Disable-Page-Transition=\"true\" class=\"download-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/download\/3198\/?tmstv=1776766641\" rel=\"nofollow\" id=\"download-link-3198\" data-redirect=\"false\" >\n\tT\u00e9l\u00e9chargez le cas clinique n\u00b05 en PDF, sous licence Creative Commons BY-NC-ND\t(19078 t\u00e9l\u00e9chargements\t)\n<\/a>\n\n<p><em>Commentaire : Un cas de rhabdomyolyse sur hypokali\u00e9mie chronique par pseudo-hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme acquis par intoxication \u00e0 l\u2019acide glycyrrhizique ne devrait vraiment pas tomber aux ECN. Toutefois, c\u2019est un bon moyen pour comprendre l\u2019hypertension art\u00e9rielle (dosage de la kali\u00e9mie, r\u00e8gles hygi\u00e9no-di\u00e9t\u00e9tiques avant d\u2019instaurer un traitement), l\u2019hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme (l\u2019aldost\u00e9rone est \u00e9lev\u00e9e, sinon c\u2019est un pseudo-hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme comme ici), et \u00eatre syst\u00e9matique sur la lecture d\u2019un ECG et d\u2019un bilan biologique (CPK \u00e9lev\u00e9s n\u2019est pas signe d\u2019infarctus).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Pour information, la r\u00e9glisse <\/em><em>\u00e9tait employ\u00e9e d\u00e8s l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9 pour lutter contre les ulc\u00e8res (carbenoxolone dans certains pansements gastriques vendus hors France) et par les Scythes pour lutter contre la soif lors de travers\u00e9e du d\u00e9sert (r\u00e9tention hydro-sod\u00e9e). <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>L\u2019acide glycyrrhizique est toxique \u00e0 partir d\u2019une consommation de 700 mg\/jour pendant plusieurs semaines (150 mg\/jour chez les sujets cirrhotiques), soit : <\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>60 verres d\u2019ant\u00e9site (23g\/l, avec 10 gouttes ou 0,5 ml par verre de 20 cl)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>20 \u00e0 60 verres de pastis avec alcool (0,07 \u00e0 0,2 g\/l de glycyrrhizine, verres de 17 cl)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>3 \u00e0 80 verres de pastis sans alcool (concentration variable de 0,057 \u00e0 1,27 g\/l)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>2 b\u00e2tons de zan (12g \u00e0 3% de glycyrrhizine)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Sources : <\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wikiphyto.org\/wiki\/R%C3%A9glisse\"><em>http:\/\/www.wikiphyto.org\/wiki\/R\u00e9glisse<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.haribo.com\/planet\/fr\/info\/main\/verbraucherinfo\/pdf\/04_LA_REGLISSE.pdf\"><em>http:\/\/www.haribo.com\/planet\/fr\/info\/main\/verbraucherinfo\/pdf\/04_LA_REGLISSE.pdf<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inchem.org\/documents\/pims\/plant\/pim249fr.htm\"><em>http:\/\/www.inchem.org\/documents\/pims\/plant\/pim249fr.htm<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.endocrino.net\/download\/DCEM\/130_1204.pdf\"><em>http:\/\/www.endocrino.net\/download\/DCEM\/130_1204.pdf<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.em-consulte.com\/article\/99774\"><em>http:\/\/www.em-consulte.com\/article\/99774<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nephrohus.org\/s\/spip.php?article359\"><em>http:\/\/www.nephrohus.org\/s\/spip.php?article359<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.centres-antipoison.net\/lyon\/vigitox39\/Vigitox_N39_janvier_2009.pdf\"><em>http:\/\/www.centres-antipoison.net\/lyon\/vigitox39\/Vigitox_N39_janvier_2009.pdf<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Items : <\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>129 \u2013 Facteurs de risque cardiovasculaires et pr\u00e9vention<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>130 \u2013 Hypertension art\u00e9rielle de l\u2019adulte<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>186 \u2013 Asth\u00e9nie et fatigabilit\u00e9<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>219 \u2013 Troubles de l\u2019\u00e9quilibre acido-basique et d\u00e9sordres hydro-\u00e9lectrolytiques<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>309 \u2013 Electrocardiogramme : indications et interpr\u00e9tations<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>1\/ Doit-on parler de fatigue, de fatigabilit\u00e9 ou d\u2019asth\u00e9nie ? Justifier. Pour ce sympt\u00f4me, quelles \u00e9tiologies pr\u00e9dominent (organiques ou psychog\u00e8nes) ? (10 points)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">ASTHENIE<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Epuisement au repos \/ avant l\u2019effort<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>PAS DE POINT SI AUTRE (progressif, limite les efforts, associ\u00e9 \u00e0 des crampes\u2026)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u2260 fatigabilit\u00e9 : \u00e9puisement apr\u00e8s un effort minime \/ pr\u00e9disposition \u00e0 la fatigue<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u2260 fatigue : \u00e9puisement apr\u00e8s un effort physique ou psychique<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">CAUSES ORGANIQUES (80%)<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u263c 2% des consultations ont pour motif l\u2019asth\u00e9nie seule ; associ\u00e9, ce sympt\u00f4me repr\u00e9sente jusqu\u2019\u00e0 5% des recours. En interrogeant les patients, 15-20% d\u00e9clarent une asth\u00e9nie. \u263c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>2\/ Quel bilan biologique prescrivez-vous devant la persistance inexpliqu\u00e9e de ce sympt\u00f4me ? (10 points)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">EN PREMIERE INTENTION (\u00e9liminer les causes graves \/ urgentes) :<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">NFS <em>(an\u00e9mie, h\u00e9mopathie, carences, infections virales\u2026)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">CRP <em>(maladie de Horton, cancer, tuberculose, lupus\u2026)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">TSH <em>(dysthyro\u00efdie)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Cr\u00e9atinin\u00e9mie <em>(insuffisance r\u00e9nale)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Transaminases <em>(insuffisance h\u00e9pato-cellulaire)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Ionogramme sanguin \/ natr\u00e9mie, kali\u00e9mie <em>(causes m\u00e9taboliques, insuffisance surr\u00e9nalienne)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Calc\u00e9mie <em>(dyscalc\u00e9mie)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Glyc\u00e9mie \u00e0 je\u00fbn <em>(diab\u00e8te)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Bandelette urinaire \/ BU<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">BILAN RADIOLOGIQUE : radiographie de thorax, \u00e9chographie abdomino-pelvienne<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">EN DEUXIEME INTENTION<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Electrophor\u00e8se des prot\u00e9ines s\u00e9riques \/ EPS <em>(infection, h\u00e9mopathie)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Ferritin\u00e9mie <em>(carence martiale)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Cortisol\u00e9mie des 24h et ACTH <em>(insuffisance surr\u00e9nalienne)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Cr\u00e9atinine Phospho-Kinase \/ CPK <em>(fatigabilit\u00e9 : myopathie\u2026)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Anticorps anti-nucl\u00e9aires \/ AAN <em>(lupus, Gougerot-Sj\u00f6gren)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">S\u00e9rologies virus de l\u2019h\u00e9patite B et C \/ VHB et VHC<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">En cas de n\u00e9gativit\u00e9, les examens ne doivent pas \u00eatre r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9s en absence d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ments cliniques nouveaux. Le syndrome de fatigue chronique pourra \u00eatre \u00e9voqu\u00e9 par \u00e9limination apr\u00e8s 6 mois d\u2019\u00e9volution.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u00ab AUCUN \u00bb = ZERO A LA QUESTION (<em>persistance inexpliqu\u00e9e\u2026)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>3\/ Peut-on parler d\u2019hypertension art\u00e9rielle grade 2 chez ce patient ? Pourquoi ? Quel est le bilan minimal d\u2019une hypertension art\u00e9rielle selon la Haute Autorit\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9 (HAS) ? Instaurez-vous rapidement un traitement anti-hypertenseur ? Justifier. (20 points)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">NON<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">N\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de 3 consultations successives<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Sur une p\u00e9riode de 3 \u00e0 6 mois<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Avec pression art\u00e9rielle systolique <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">&gt;<\/span> 140 mmHg et\/ou diastolique <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">&gt;<\/span> 90 mmHg<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Sur au moins 2 mesures par consultation<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Appareil valid\u00e9, brassard adapt\u00e9, patient repos\u00e9 en dehors d\u2019une situation aigu\u00eb, muscles rel\u00e2ch\u00e9s, avec recherche d\u2019hypotension orthostatique<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">BILAN MINIMAL DE L\u2019HAS<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Eliminer une cause secondaire :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Kali\u00e9mie sans garrot<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Retentissement de l\u2019hypertension art\u00e9rielle :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Electrocardiogramme \/ ECG<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Cr\u00e9atinin\u00e9mie \/ Calcul du d\u00e9fit de filtration glom\u00e9rulaire \/ DFG<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Bandelette urinaire \/ BU \/ Prot\u00e9inurie (si BU positive) \/ Microalbuminurie (si BU n\u00e9gative)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Autres facteurs de risque cardio-vasculaire :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Glyc\u00e9mie \u00e0 jeun \/ GAJ<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Exploration des anomalies lipidiques \/ EAL \/ Cholest\u00e9rol total, HDL cholest\u00e9rol, triglyc\u00e9rides<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">NON, PAS DE TRAITEMENT INSTAURE RAPIDEMENT<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">N\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de confirmer l\u2019hypertension art\u00e9rielle<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Si confirmation, estimation du risque cardiovasculaire par score de Framingham<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">2 facteurs de risque = \u00e2ge &gt; 50 ans, dyslipid\u00e9mie :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">R\u00e8gles hygi\u00e9no-di\u00e9t\u00e9tiques pendant 1-3 mois \/ Arr\u00eat du pastis sans alcool, perte de poids, sport, r\u00e9gime pauvre en sel\u2026<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Si \u00e9chec, instauration d\u2019un traitement pharmacologique<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u263c Bilan OMS : ajouter h\u00e9matocrite et uric\u00e9mie \u263c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u263c Notez l\u2019importance des r\u00e8gles hygi\u00e9no-di\u00e9t\u00e9tiques et du contr\u00f4le : l\u2019arr\u00eat du pastis sans alcool doit normaliser la tension dans le mois qui suit \u263c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>4\/ Quelle est votre interpr\u00e9tation ? La conclusion peut-elle expliquer le tableau clinique ? Si oui, par quel m\u00e9canisme ? (15 points)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Rythme sinusal<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Onde P devant chaque QRS, QRS apr\u00e8s chaque onde P<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Onde P d\u2019axe et de morphologie normale <em>(positive sauf en aVR, monophasique sauf en V1)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">R\u00e9gulier avec R-R constant \u00e0 60 battements par minute<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Ondes P :<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&lt; 0,12s <em>(pas d\u2019hypertrophie auriculaire gauche)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&lt; 0,25 mV <em>(pas d\u2019hypertrophie auriculaire droite)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Espace PR :<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Iso\u00e9lectrique <em>(pas de p\u00e9ricardite)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Entre 0,12 et 0,2 s <em>(pas de bloc auriculo-ventriculaire \/ pas de troubles de conduction)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Complexes QRS :<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Fins &lt; 0,08s <em>(pas de bloc de branche \/ pas de troubles de conduction)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">R &lt; S en V1 <em>(pas d\u2019hypertrophie ventriculaire droite)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche \/ Indice de Sokolow : S1 + R5 &gt; 35 mm<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Zone de transition entre V3 et V4 <em>(quand l\u2019onde R devient plus grande que l\u2019onde S)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Absence d\u2019ondes Q de n\u00e9crose<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Axe normal : ici entre 30\u00b0 <em>(positif en DIII)<\/em> et 60\u00b0 <em>(positif en aVL)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Repolarisation (segment ST + ondes T + espace QT) :<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Sous-d\u00e9calage diffus du segment ST en cupule \/ sous-ST<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Ondes U (surtout en V5-V6 \/ territoire lat\u00e9ral)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">QT corrig\u00e9 = 0,56 s &gt; 0,42s \/ Allongement du QT<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Ondes T aplaties et invers\u00e9es, diffuses, sans miroir<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Conclusion : hypokali\u00e9mie mena\u00e7ante <em>(car signes ECG)<\/em><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PAS DE POINT SI HYPOKALIEMIE SANS PRECISION SUR L\u2019URGENCE<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Oui, l\u2019hypokali\u00e9mie est compatible avec le tableau clinique<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Par hyperpolarisation membranaire :<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Baisse du K+ extracellulaire, mais maintien du K+ intracellulaire<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; La membrane cellulaire c\u00f4t\u00e9 interne est \u00ab trop \u00bb positive donc \u00ab hyperpolaris\u00e9e \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Par cons\u00e9quent, la d\u00e9polarisation est plus difficile \/ la cellule est peu excitable<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><strong>Signes cardiaques<\/strong> : ECG <em>(retard de repolarisation ventriculaire, augmentation de l\u2019automaticit\u00e9 cardiaque)<\/em><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><strong>Signes neuromusculaires<\/strong> : crampes, myalgies, rhabdomyolyse, paresth\u00e9sies, ar\u00e9flexie tendineuse, faiblesse musculaire ascendante, asth\u00e9nie<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><strong>Signes digestifs : <\/strong>naus\u00e9es,constipation, il\u00e9us paralytique<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><strong>Signes r\u00e9naux (n\u00e9phropathie kaliop\u00e9nique) :<\/strong> syndrome polyuro-polydipsique <em>(par r\u00e9sistance tubulaire \u00e0 l\u2019ADH)<\/em><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Facteur favorisant : diarrh\u00e9e aigu\u00eb, hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme (cf. infra)<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u263c Mn\u00e9mo hypokali\u00e9mie : \u00ab t\u2019aplatis Hugh Grant sous cette tornade \u00bb = T aplaties, ondes U, grand QT, sous-ST, torsade de pointe (et troubles de rythme) \u263c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><em>On pourrait chipoter sur l\u2019absence du calibrage sur cet ECG (25 mm\/s pour la vitesse de d\u00e9roulement et 1 cm\/mV en amplitude)\u2026 mais ne jouez pas \u00e0 \u00e7a aux ECN !<\/em><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>5\/ Quelle est votre prise en charge imm\u00e9diate ? (1 r\u00e9ponse) (5 points)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Transfert en unit\u00e9 de soins intensifs \/ USI \/ r\u00e9animation<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">OU<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Traitement de l\u2019hypokali\u00e9mie \/ SAP de KCl sur VVC (+ Mg, Ph) \/ scope<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">3\/5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>6\/ Quel est le risque majeur de l\u2019hypokali\u00e9mie ? Quel est son traitement ? (10 points)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Torsade de pointe (\u00e0 QT long)<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Si trouble du rythme<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">3\/5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Urgence vitale<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Scope<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Arr\u00eat des traitements hypokali\u00e9miants<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Ampoule IV de KCl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Sulfate de magn\u00e9sium \/ MgSO<sub>4 <\/sub>(2 g, \u00e0 renouveler)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Isopr\u00e9naline ISUPREL si bradycardie<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Sonde d\u2019entra\u00eenement \u00e9lectro-systolique si r\u00e9cidive<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>7\/ Interpr\u00e9tez le bilan biologique. (10 points)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Hypernatr\u00e9mie &gt; 145 mEq\/l<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Na corrig\u00e9e = Na + 1,6 (Glyc\u00e9mie <em>g\/l <\/em> &#8211; 1) = Na + (Glyc\u00e9mie <em>mmol\/l <\/em>\u2013 5)\/3 = 150,3 mEq\/l<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Hypermin\u00e9ralocorticisme = r\u00e9absorption tubulaire du sodium<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Hypokali\u00e9mie &lt; 3,5 mmol\/l<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">K corrig\u00e9 = K &#8211; 6 x (7,4 \u2013 pH) = 2,54 mmol\/l<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Hypermin\u00e9ralocorticisme = fuite urinaire de potassium (pompe Na+\/K+ ATPase)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Alcalose <em>(pH &gt; 7,4) <\/em>m\u00e9tabolique <em>(HCO3- &gt; 24 mEq\/l)<\/em><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Compens\u00e9e<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u2192 <em>Hypokali\u00e9mie = transfert de K+ en extracellulaire contre un H+ en intracellulaire, et stimulation de la s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion urinaire d\u2019H+ par l\u2019aldost\u00e9rone (r\u00e9absorption de HCO3- par le tubule contourn\u00e9 proximal)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Alcalose entra\u00eene aussi une hypokali\u00e9mie par fuite urinaire (d\u00e9faut de H+)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u263c <em>Il ne faut pas attendre que le pH soit revenu \u00e0 7,4 : le patient hypoventile autant que possible mais il lui faut de l\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne pour vivre\u2026 Pour l\u2019alcalose m\u00e9tabolique, on parle de compensation si par palier de 10 mmol\/l d\u2019HCO3- suppl\u00e9mentaire, la pCO2 est augment\u00e9e de 6 mmHg : cf. diagramme de Davenport ! \u263c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Hyperglyc\u00e9mie \u00e0 jeun non diab\u00e9tique \/ Hyperglyc\u00e9mie \/ Glyc\u00e9mie entre 1,1 et 1,26 g\/l<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Hypokali\u00e9mie = r\u00e9trocontr\u00f4le inhibiteur de la s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion d\u2019insuline (l\u2019insuline fait entrer le K+ dans les cellules, cf. traitement de l\u2019hyperkali\u00e9mie)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Mod\u00e9r\u00e9e car l\u2019alcalose inhibe la n\u00e9oglucogen\u00e8se et active la glycolyse\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Hypocalc\u00e9mie &lt; 2,2 mmol\/l<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Ca corrig\u00e9 = Ca + (40 \u2013 Albumin\u00e9mie)\/40 = 2 mmol\/l<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Alcalose = complexification du calcium ionis\u00e9 avec les prot\u00e9ines (\u00e0 la place des H+) et aux bicarbonates (en surnombre) &#8211; cf. alcalose respiratoire par hyperventilation, responsable d\u2019une crise de t\u00e9tanie : la calc\u00e9mie reste normale, mais le calcium disponible est diminu\u00e9 !<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Rhabdomyolyse = captation du calcium par les myocytes n\u00e9cros\u00e9s (ne pas corriger l\u2019hypocalc\u00e9mie, sinon on aggrave la rhabdomyolyse !)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Hypophosphor\u00e9mie discr\u00e8te &lt; 0,8 mmol\/l<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Alcalose = activation de la glycolyse et phosphorylation des m\u00e9tabolites interm\u00e9diaires (entre Glucose 6 Phosphate et Lactates)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Hypocalc\u00e9mie = hyperparathyro\u00efdie secondaire<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Hypomagn\u00e9s\u00e9mie<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Alcalose = diminution de la perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9 des Tight Jonction de l\u2019anse de Henl\u00e9 o\u00f9 le Mg++ est r\u00e9absorb\u00e9<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme = fuite urinaire par diminution de r\u00e9absorption tubulaire<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Favorise l\u2019hypokali\u00e9mie et l\u2019hypocalc\u00e9mie (stimulation insuffisante de PTH)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Ur\u00e9e, cr\u00e9atinine normales \/ Fonction r\u00e9nale pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e \/ Absence d\u2019insuffisance r\u00e9nale<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Rhabdomyolyse = risque d\u2019insuffisance r\u00e9nale par myoglobinurie<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Rhabdomyolyse<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">S\u00e9v\u00e8re car CPK &gt; 16 000 UI\/l<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Hypokali\u00e9mie chronique (diur\u00e9tiques, r\u00e9glisse, vomissements prolong\u00e9s) = absence de relargage de potassium (vasodilatateur : isch\u00e9mie, surtout si exercice en ambiance chaude), inhibition de glycog\u00e9nog\u00e9n\u00e8se musculaire<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Hypomagn\u00e9s\u00e9mie = blocage de pompes r\u00e9ticulaires : hypercalc\u00e9mie intramyoplasmique, crampes et \u00e9puisement des r\u00e9serves en ATP<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u2192 Rhabdomyolyse progressive et chronique : pas d\u2019hyperkali\u00e9mie ni d\u2019hyperphosphor\u00e9mie <\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Pas d\u2019argument pour une lyse myocardique : troponine Ic n\u00e9gative<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>\u263c Si vous \u00ab inventez \u00bb des gaz du sang, n\u2019oubliez pas qu\u2019ils doivent v\u00e9rifier l\u2019\u00e9quation d\u2019Henderson-Hasselbach : pH = 6,1 + log (HCO3- \/ [0,03 PCO2]) \u263c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>\u263c La d\u00e9finition de l\u2019intol\u00e9rance aux hydrates de carbone implique une glyc\u00e9mie sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 1,40 g\/l \u00e0 H2 d\u2019une HGPO \u263c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>8\/ Quel est votre diagnostic ? Quelle est l\u2019\u00e9tiologie la plus probable ? Quelle en est la physiopathologie ? (15 points)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Rhabdomyolyse par hypokali\u00e9mie chronique (bien tol\u00e9r\u00e9e, d\u00e9compens\u00e9e par l\u2019\u00e9pisode de diarrh\u00e9e aigu\u00eb)<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Sur syndrome d\u2019exc\u00e8s apparent en min\u00e9ralocortico\u00efde (AME) \/ Pseudo-hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme \/ Hypermin\u00e9ralocorticisme<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Hypertension art\u00e9rielle<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Hypernatr\u00e9mie<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Hypokali\u00e9mie<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Kaliur\u00e8se inadapt\u00e9e (&gt; 20 mmol\/J) \/ Perte r\u00e9nale de potassium<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Hyperaldost\u00e9ronurie<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u2260 hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme primaire : aldost\u00e9rone basse (r\u00e9trocontr\u00f4le)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u2260 hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme secondaire : activit\u00e9 r\u00e9nine plasmatique ARP basse\/normale<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Acquis par intoxication \u00e0 la glycyrrhizine (acide glycyrrhizique) \/ acide glycyrrh\u00e9tique ou glycyrrh\u00e9tinique (produit de l\u2019hydrolyse de la glycyrrhizine par la flore intestinale) \/ d\u00e9riv\u00e9s de la r\u00e9glisse<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Ant\u00e9site<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Pastis sans alcool<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Absence d\u2019autres causes d\u2019AME : cong\u00e9nital, bloc, syndrome de Cushing<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">Inhibition de la 11\u03b2hydroxyst\u00e9ro\u00efde d\u00e9shydrog\u00e9nase \/ 11\u03b2HSD (type 2) \/ d\u00e9faut de transformation du cortisol \/ exc\u00e8s de cortisol \/ augmentation de la biodisponibilit\u00e9 du cortisol sur le r\u00e9cepteur r\u00e9nal aux min\u00e9ralocortico\u00efdes<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Action min\u00e9ralocortico\u00efde du cortisol <em>(concentration 500 fois sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle de l\u2019aldost\u00e9rone)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Conversion du cortisol F en cortisone E (inactif sur le r\u00e9cepteur min\u00e9ralocortico\u00efde) par la 11\u03b2 HSD de type 2 <em>(c\u00f4lon, rein, glandes salivaires ; le type 1 dans le foie et tissu adipeux a une action inverse)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u2192 Inactivation de la 11\u03b2HSD 2 par la r\u00e9glisse ou les flavano\u00efdes (jus de pamplemousse) = exc\u00e8s de cortisol = activit\u00e9 min\u00e9ralocortico\u00efde :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Activation de la pompe Na\/K entre la lumi\u00e8re tubulaire et le tube collecteur<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Hypernatr\u00e9mie<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Hypokali\u00e9mie (alcalose m\u00e9tabolique, freination du syst\u00e8me r\u00e9nine angiotensine, \u2191 cortisol libre urinaire)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Activation de la pompe Na\/K ATPase entre le tube collecteur et le capillaire<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">R\u00e9tention hydrosod\u00e9e initiale (puis adaptation)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Hypertension art\u00e9rielle<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Rhabdomyolyse, myalgies\u2026<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u263c En cas d\u2019hypokali\u00e9mie avec kaliur\u00e8se inadapt\u00e9e, SANS HTA, pensez au syndrome de Gitelman \u263c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u263c Confirmation par \u00ab st\u00e9ro\u00efdogramme urinaire \u00bb : effondrement des m\u00e9tabolites urinaires de la cortisone avec rapport T\u00e9tra-Hydro-Cortisol (THF) \/ T\u00e9tra-Hydro-Cortisone (THE) augment\u00e9 \u263c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u263c Traitement : arr\u00eat de la r\u00e9glisse, scope, recharge potassique +\/- spironolactone (\u00e0 vis\u00e9e anti-aldost\u00e9rone plut\u00f4t qu\u2019anti-hypertenseur) \u263c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>9\/ Citez cinq autres causes endocriennes d\u2019hypertension art\u00e9rielle. (5 points) <\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">SURRENALE (m\u00e9dullaire : cath\u00e9cholamines \/ corticale : glucocortico\u00efdes, min\u00e9ralocortico\u00efdes, androg\u00e8nes)<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Cat\u00e9cholamines :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Ph\u00e9ochromocytome \/ paragangliome<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Isol\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">NEM2 (mutation du proto-oncog\u00e8ne RET),<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Phacomatose (maladies de Von Hippel Lindau, de Recklinghausen)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Aldost\u00e9rone :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme primaire :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Ad\u00e9nome de Conn<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Hyperplasie bilat\u00e9rale des surr\u00e9nales (idiopathique)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme freinable par les glucocortico\u00efdes (crossing-over enzymatique : d\u00e9pendance de l\u2019aldost\u00e9rone \u00e0 l\u2019ACTH)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Pseudo-hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Hypermin\u00e9ralocorticisme<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px;\">D\u00e9ficit en 17\u03b1 hydroxylase, 21-hydroxylase \/ Hyperplasie cong\u00e9nitale des surr\u00e9nales<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px;\">D\u00e9ficit en 11\u03b2 hydroxylase<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 150px;\">Cong\u00e9nital (AME de type 1)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 150px;\">Inactiv\u00e9 par la r\u00e9glisse (AME de type 2)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 150px;\">D\u00e9pass\u00e9 par l\u2019exc\u00e8s de cortisol (syndrome de Cushing, exog\u00e8ne, tumeurs \u00e0 d\u00e9soxycorticost\u00e9rone)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Tubulopathie r\u00e9nale simulant un exc\u00e8s d\u2019aldost\u00e9rone<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px;\">Syndrome de Liddle (mutation activatrice du canal sodium \u00e9pith\u00e9lial)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px;\">Syndrome de Geller<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme secondaire :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">St\u00e9nose des art\u00e8res r\u00e9nales<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px;\">Fibrodysplasie chez le jeune \/ Ath\u00e9rome chez le sujet \u00e2g\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Tumeur juxta-glom\u00e9rulaire s\u00e9cr\u00e9tant de la r\u00e9nine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><em>(NB : l\u2019hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme secondaire par hypovol\u00e9mie efficace ou d\u00e9pl\u00e9tion sod\u00e9e n\u2019entra\u00eene pas d\u2019hypertension art\u00e9rielle)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Cortisol :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Syndrome de Cushing (ACTH ind\u00e9pendant)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Ad\u00e9nome surr\u00e9nalien s\u00e9cr\u00e9tant<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Corticosurr\u00e9nalome malin<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">ANTE-HYPOPHYSE (ACTH, GH, PRL, FSH-LH, TSH)<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">ACTH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Syndrome de Cushing (ACTH d\u00e9pendant)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Ad\u00e9nome corticotrope (maladie de Cushing)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">S\u00e9cr\u00e9tion ectopique d\u2019ACTH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">NC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">GH (hypervol\u00e9mie par action de la GH sur la pompe Na\/K tubulaire)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Acrom\u00e9galie \/ Ad\u00e9nome somatotrope<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">THYROIDE<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">T3\/T4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Hyperthyro\u00efdie (diminution des r\u00e9sistances vasculaires par tachycardie)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">PANCREAS ENDOCRINE (insuline, gastrine, VIP, somatostatine\u2026)<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Insuline<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Diab\u00e8te de type II (plurifactoriel : insulinor\u00e9sistance, microangiopathie r\u00e9nale, macroangiopathie)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"574\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u263c N\u2019attribuer que 5 points maximum sur les 11 \u263c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"40\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- templates\/buttons-placeholder.php -->\n<div class=\"da-reactions-outer TpostID202\">\n\t    <div class=\"da-reactions-data da-reactions-container-async center\"\n         data-type=\"post\"\n         data-id=\"202\"\n         id=\"da-reactions-slot-post-202\">\n        <div class=\"da-reactions-exposed\">\n\t\t\t<img src=\"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/da-reactions\/assets\/dist\/loading.svg\" alt=\"Loading spinner\" width=\"64\" height=\"64\" style=\"width:64px\" \/>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Commentaire : Un cas de rhabdomyolyse sur hypokali\u00e9mie chronique par pseudo-hyperaldost\u00e9ronisme acquis par intoxication \u00e0 l\u2019acide glycyrrhizique ne devrait vraiment pas tomber aux ECN. Toutefois, c\u2019est un bon moyen pour comprendre l\u2019hypertension art\u00e9rielle (dosage de la kali\u00e9mie, r\u00e8gles hygi\u00e9no-di\u00e9t\u00e9tiques avant &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/2011\/10\/cas-n5-corrige-la-tension-du-boulanger\/\">Continuer la lecture <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<!-- templates\/buttons-placeholder.php -->\n<div class=\"da-reactions-outer TpostID202\">\n\t    <div class=\"da-reactions-data da-reactions-container-async center\"\n         data-type=\"post\"\n         data-id=\"202\"\n         id=\"da-reactions-slot-post-202\">\n        <div class=\"da-reactions-exposed\">\n\t\t\t<img src=\"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/da-reactions\/assets\/dist\/loading.svg\" alt=\"Loading spinner\" width=\"64\" height=\"64\" style=\"width:64px\" \/>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11],"tags":[40,54,99,102,103,124],"class_list":["post-202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-les-cas-cliniques-corriges","tag-cas-clinique","tag-corrige","tag-item-130","tag-item-186","tag-item-219","tag-medecine","post_format-post-format-standard"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p33dWC-3g","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=202"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1060,"href":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202\/revisions\/1060"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mimiryudo.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}